Endangered species conservation - how scientists bring back species from the edge of extinction

Hi everyone,

We always talk about endangered species and how we really need to help them. But we never really say how we can help them. I mean of course, stop climate change, remove the plastic pollution from the ocean, ban hunting, but those are massive tasks and not easy or quick to do. So how do scientists stop species from going extinct? With nearly 40 000 species threatened, there is no one solution for all species.

Habitat conservation and official protection

One of the most basic and yet often really effective form of conserving and restoring populations is to protect and conserve their habitats. This often includes legal bodies forbidding deforestation or mining. Many habitats have been made into national parks or other protected areas and in some places, visitors are strictly prohibated. In other places, voluteers are working day and night to clear plastic on beachs and in rivers. Bans on hunting and poaching have been effective in many speices such as sea otters, whose incredible fur lead to excessive hunting until an international ban on hunting, which pushed sea otter populations back up. Another common example of legal protections is whales. They were hunted close to extinction until protected by the International Whaling Commission. Although there are still countries that refuse to ban whaling, whale populations have been slowly making their comeback.

Captive breeding and artificial insemination

Now we start to move into methods that have a lot of critism. Don't get me wrong, banning hunting and whaling met a lot of opposition, but probably not as widespread as our next method. Lots of people don't like zoos, I get that, I don't particulary like looking at big cats pacing inside small inclosures or polar bears desperately trying to find shade in an ice free enclosure in the middle of hot summer. But lots of zoos do important conservation work. Sometimes, it isn't possible to protect an animal in its natural habitat. Lots of governments don't want to or can't ban hunting and it often continues illegally anyway. Many zoos have breeding programms to help with exactly those problems. They breed animals in the zoo and wait until the young have matured before sending them back to their natural habitat to boost the local population. This isn't without problems, animals can find transportation from zoos to wilderniss very stressful especially if it means long distance travel. There are also problems with the animals not being able to survive in the wild because of not being used to predators or different food to what they had in the zoo. Not to mention the fact that this still doesn't make their time in the zoo any better. Some animals like pandas don't always mate even when given the chance. Here zoos often resort to artificial insemination. Again this is met with the critism that these procedures aren't comfortable for the animals and are sometimes unnecessary.

Relocating species to a new habitat

The last point I want to talk about today, is possibly the most controversial. The idea of relocating species to a different habitat is constantly argued about among scientific circles. Many biologists and ecologists say that it's a bad idea, others say that it's necessary to stop these species from dying out. The main idea is that if a habitat becomes uninhabitable, for example it dries out due to climate change, researchers look for another area that the homeless animals might thrive in. Another name for this is assisted migration. This is currently being trialed in western swamp turtoises in Australia. Their habitat is drying out because of reduced rainfall. So a team has attempted to rehome them. Critics warn of these relocated species becoming invasive species and uprooting the new ecosystem. Species can also often have a hard time adapting to new environments due to different climates, landscapes, food options and predators, similar to how animals bred in capativity struggle when reintroduced to their actual habitat.

There are obviously more options that scientists are looking into, but these are a couple of them. We hope you enjoyed this post. Let us know what you think about these methods in the comments!

Your Green World Blog Team💚

Sources:
https://earth.org/how-many-endangered-species-are-there/
https://www.buildastash.com/post/types-of-wildlife-conservation
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/biodiversity-conservation-types-importance-methods.php
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/endangered-animal-species-mating-spd
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/ten-animals-we-have-saved-from-extinction.html
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02732-0

Images:
Title image owned by a blog editor with copyright free images included.
Whale, owned by Blair Haggerty (on flickr.com), is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.
Close-Up Shot of a Panda Bear on a Tree Branch is owned by .M.Q Huang on pexels.com.

Comments

Overfishing- An Introduction

When writing the article on the Yangtze Finless Porpoise, I briefly touched on the topic of overfishing. Many of you have probably heard about it, and know it is a massive problem threatening our seas and their inhabitants. Overfishing is so destructive, it can kill all life in the ocean, and many of you might be part of it every day. So I read through many articles from international organisations, and they all say pretty much the same things. It's a highly complex topic, with so many things to say and do, so this is just an introduction to the broadest points. It's very interesting (and sad) but when you look into it further you realize there is actually a lot you can do! This is very important, especially for ocean lovers and seafood people. What is overfishing? By definition, overfishing is so intense fishing, people catch fish quicker than the stocks can reproduce. Leading to a massive decrease in stocks that can peak in the extinction of a s...

Photo Essay | dolphin spotting boat ride

Hi Everyone! Quite a while ago now, me and my family went on a dolphin spotting boat ride, and I've been meaning to share some photos for ages now! We saw so many dolphins very close up and we managed to get some good shots, although it can never be as magical as in person! All photos in this post were taken by me or my family. They were so close to the boat! This photo is stunning! It's under the water! Again - under the water! It was so hard to capture them jumping! This was the boat.... ...

Animals 36-40 in our '50 incredible animals' series

Hi, As you probably noticed, we took a break from this series, mostly due to having just too much to do. But we're back now with the last three posts. 36. The Pinocchio frog The Pinocchio frog can be found in the Foja Mountains in Indonesia. They mainly eat insects, although little is known about them. They are named because the males have a spike on their noses. They were only discovered in 2008, and this was completely by accident! It remained unnamed scientifically until over ten years later when it was given the name " Litoria pinocchio " . There is very little information about them but Wikipedia states that "the male Pinocchio frog inflates its nose when calling, and the nose decreases in size when the frog is calm and quiet," which I think is hilarious and so interesting! 37. Snub-nosed monkey Especially noticeable due to their curious looks, the snub-nosed monkeys can be found in the forests of central China and northern...

April Top Tips: ten tips for environmentally friendly travel

Hi Everyone! We haven't been very present on the blog again recently but we are back today with ten top tips for environmentally friendly travel. Most forms of travel over long distances (unless you are willing to put in a lot of physical effort) use fossil fuels and are generally not good for our planet. So today we will be giving you a few tips which although won't mean that your travel is 100% planet friendly, will be a good start to doing as much as you can. Your Green World Blog Team💚 1. Use trains and boats rather than planes where possible Planes are awful for the environment. They are, however, extremely practical and so easy to use, cheap...It's hard to avoid them! They are so quick too so you don't have to spend as much time travelling. However, they are really bad for the environment. For example, you could fly once to Edinburgh from Heathrow for the same carbon dioxide levels as driving to Edinburgh 336 times! 2. Fly...

Energy comparison: Hydroelectricity

Hello everyone, Welcome back to another energy comparison post. Today we're talking about hydroelectricity. This is basically just using the power of moving water for our own uses. This idea has been around for thousands of years. The ancient Greeks and Romans used watermills to grind grains for making bread. Watermills were used up until the Industrial Revolution. What is hydroelectricity? There are three types of hydroelectric power plants. Impoundment facilities are the most common. The water is stored in a pool or reservoir normally located at a higher elevation. The dam uses gates or valves to control the water flow. When there is demand for electricity, the water is released. It falls downwards and turns turbines that turn the kinetic energy of the water (movement energy) into electric energy. Diversion facilities don't have a dam. They channel the water towards the turbines using a system of canals. Pumped-storage facilities are...

Animals 11-15 in our '50 incredible animals' series

Hello, We have another five amazing animals for you today. Enjoy! 11. Dhole This is a dog species which looks rather like a red fox . They are difficult to put into any of the dog subfamilies. They aren't foxes, nor wolves, nor domestic dogs. Dholes are fast runners and live in packs of 5-12 individuals. Although sometimes, different packs will join forces to become a pack of 30 or more individuals! However, these super packs are broken up after a successful hunt. The different packs rarely attack each other as neighbouring packs are often closely related. Dhole packs live in burrows with multiple entrances. They can be found in eastern and southern Asia. They eat wild berries, insects and lizards and as a pack hunt deer, rodents and other wild mammals. Interestingly, unlike other dogs, they rarely kill by biting at the throat. They are also good swimmers! 12. Irrawaddy dolphin The Irrawaddy dolphin can be found in coastal areas of south a...

10 animals on the edge of extinction you didn't know about no. 9 - South Island takahē

Hello Today we’re talking about the South Island takahē, porphyrio hochstetteri . They are flightless birds, endemic to New Zealand. Takahē are brightly coloured and weigh 2.3-3.8 kg. They have red legs and a large red beak. Their feathers are coloured blue and green. They have wings, but these are only used during courtship or rivalry displays. They are territorial, with one family’s territory reaching anywhere from 4 ha to 100 ha (0,04-1km^2). Pairs will live in the same territory each year. They breed once a year and will raise 1-3 chicks (normally 2) each year. Both parents raise the chicks together. In the wild, takahē live in native grasslands and have a lifespan of 16-18 years. If snow covers the ground then they will move into nearby forests. They eat tussock grasses, sedges and sometimes rushes. But they are opportunists, so they will occasionally go for insects or even ducklings and...

Ozone layer

Hi everyone, What even is ozone? And the ozone layer? Where does the hole in the ozone layer come from and what does it mean? Is it dangerous? What can be done? Often the ozone-talk can be complicated and confusing, keeping an overview is hard and understanding all the problems always difficult. Let us break it down a bit for you: What is the ozone layer? We'll start with the basics: The ozone layer is part of the stratosphere, which is the second layer of the Earth's atmosphere, between 10 and 50 km above the Earth's surface and made up of protective gases. One of these protective gases is ozone. There is not much ozone in the atmosphere, only 0.3 molecule of ozone per 1 million molecules of air. This is because ozone is chemically unstable and only forms when ultra violet radiation (UV light) hits oxygen and breaks the bonds between the atoms. It fact it is so unstable that even when it has formed, it breaks down again relatively quickly. This leads to ozone turning back ...

Animals 41 - 45 in our '50 incredible animals' series

Hi everyone, 41. Ghost shark So first of all, this is a real animal and not a horror movie! Ghost sharks, often referred to as chimaeras, include around 50 species. They mostly live in the deep ocean and are seldom seen, hence the name. They can be found all over the world. Some species have a large range, for example, the rabbit fish which inhabits the entire northern Atlantic Ocean, or a small range, like the Galapagos Ghost shark which only lives in the waters around the Galapagos . Not much is known considering their population status however they are currently not considered threatened. It is assumed that they reproduce in the same way as most sharks. Not much else is known about ghost sharks. They are as mysterious as their name suggests! 42. Sea pig Again, this is a real animal! But it is not in any way like a pig (I have no idea why they called it a sea pig ). It is a type of sea cucumber, that lives in the ocean depths. Their bodies are fille...

How does plastic affect the environment?

Hello, I wanted to clarify exactly how plastic affects the environment. I hope this will explain. When plastic breaks, it releases toxic gasses that poison animals. Also, if plastic is swallowed it could cut or damage the inside of the animal. Many animals such as turtles and dolphins mistake the small plastic fragments for food. Even if the plastic is too small to cut into the insides of the animal or cause choking, too many micro plastics inside an animal will eventually block the digestive tracts and they will starve to death. Recent research proves that plastic has entered the human body. This is because plankton eats microplastics and small fish eat plankton. Bigger fish eat smaller fish and we eat the bigger fish. So inside us is plastic. Plastic also blocks waterways and sewers. This leads to the perfect breading grounds for disease carrying animals such as mosquitos. When plastic is burned it releases those toxic gas...

Green World

Search This Blog