Skip to main content

Major ocean currents and how they affect global temperatures

Image
By

Hi everyone,

This week we're talking about ocean currents. Ocean currents are part of the ocean's circulation system and influence local and global weather patterns. They are produced by gravity, differences in water density, winds on the ocean surface and Earth's rotation on its own axis. They cause the movements and exchanges of different ocean properties such as salinity, temperature and nutrients. Ocean currents can flow at speeds of up to 4m per second however most flow at speeds between 5cm and 50cm per second. Weather patterns and ocean currents constantly influence one another. Ocean currents follow similar paths as global wind do, transferring heat from the equator to polar regions. They create and influence ecosystems worldwide, especially marine ones. However they also spread plastics and microplastics around the world far from their original source. This system of ocean currents is often referred to as a global conveyor belt. Today we're going to look at six major ocean currents.


Gulf Stream

The Gulf Stream is caused by movement of water in the Gulf of Mexico. It flows from the Caribbean up the eastern coast of the USA, before crossing the Atlantic and flowing towards the western coast of Europe. It is a warm surface current, meaning that it transports warm water to northeastern USA and into the Atlantic. As it reaches higher latitudes, it cools and the water sinks before flowing back towards the tropics. This current regulates the temperature in the North Atlantic region and causes milder winters in Western Europe. 
Gulf Stream

California Current

This current flows from the arctic, down the west coast of the USA and towards the equator. Arctic waters are known to be very rich in nutrients, so this cold, nutrient-rich current flows southwards and has a significant effect on local ecosystems. It is vital for many sea creatures especially marine mammals such as dolphins and whales.

California Current

Kuroshio Current

The Kuroshio Current is caused by movements in western Pacific waters as the sun heats the ocean. This warm water flows up the east coast of Japan. It regulates the temperature in the North Pacific region and leads to milder winters in Japan and some other East Asian countries. It also serves as a migration route for many species.
Kuroshio Current


Agulhas Current

This current flows southwards down the East coast of Africa. It impacts the temperatures across the Indian Ocean Region and transports warmer water towards South Africa. This leads to higher temperatures in southeastern Africa. This current is also an important migration route.

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is a cold surface current around Antarctica. It also transports cold water to the tropics. This current regulates the temperature of the Southern Ocean region and the coastal areas of Antarctica. 
Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Thermohaline Circulation

The Thermohaline Circulation is a global deep current. It's caused by differences in water density. Transporting warm water to the poles and cold water to the tropics, it affects surface temperatures worldwide and distributes heat and nutrients.
Thermohaline Circulation

We hope you enjoyed learning about different ocean currents and how they affect global temperatures. We'll be back next week!

Your Green World Blog TeamšŸ’š


Sources:

Images:
Gulf Stream: Georges Clerc-Rampal, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
California Current: Cormorant24, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Kuroshio Current: Frank Geerlings, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Antarctic Circumpolar Current: NASA, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Thermohaline Circulation: Brisbane, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Photo Essay | dolphin spotting boat ride

By
Hi Everyone! Quite a while ago now, me and my family went on a dolphin spotting boat ride, and I've been meaning to share some photos for ages now! We saw so many dolphins very close up and we managed to get some good shots, although it can never be as magical as in person! All photos in this post were taken by me or my family. They were so close to the boat! This photo is stunning! It's under the water! Again - under the water! It was so hard to capture them jumping! This was the boat.... ...
Post a Comment
Read more

16.08.2020 Animal of the week: Elephant

By
Hello. On the 12th of August it was International Elephant Day, so we decided that this week's post should be about elephants. Elephants are the largest living land mammals. There are three types of elephant; the African bush elephant; the African forest elephant and the Asian elephant. African elephants have larger ears, whereas Asian elephants have smaller ears. Elephants use their trunks to breath, bring food and drink to their mouths and to grasp objects. Elephants' legs are like pillars. They carry the Elephant's massive weight. African bush elephants weigh 6000kg, Asian elephants weigh 4000kg and African forest elephants weigh 2700kg. Basically, they are very heavy.Elephants eat grasses, small plants, bushes, fruit, twigs, tree bark, and roots. Elephants can live up to 70 years old in the wild. They communicate by sight, touch and smell. Sadly, these wonderful mammals are in danger. African elephants are listed as vulne...
Post a Comment
Read more

Discussion || Should Everyone Switch To Electric Cars?

By
Hi Everyone! Thank you so much for joining me today, as I hop on the blog to discuss whether everyone switching to electric cars would really help the environment. In other words, should everyone switch to electric cars? This is the first part of a two-part series, discussing electric cars, so stay tuned for part two!! I would like to start this post by stating that I am by no means an expert. This is knowledge I have from my own experience, and from research I have done. If anything is incorrect please take it as it is and accept that this is a discussion and I am taking on board all opinions from reliable sources on this complex topic. Electric cars are a huge topic when it comes to sustainability and "saving our planet". There is no debating the fact that electric cars are better for the environment than diesel or petrol once they are on the road. But the production of them is often very polluting, with one study show...
2 comments
Read more

25.10.2020 Animal of the week: Snow leopard

By
Hello everyone, This week's post is about snow leopards. Snow leopards are incredible big cats that roam the mountain ranges of Asia. Snow leopards are very powerful and can climb up and down steep slopes easily, as well as jump up six times their body length. The snow leopard's tail provides balance, agility and warmth. The snow leopard is elusive and solitary and therefore very difficult to spot. They are very important though, because they are at the top of the food chain in this area. Habitat Snow leopards live in northern and central Asia's mountain ranges. These are some of the harshest conditions on earth. However, they white-grey coat with large black spots allows them to blend in with the rocky mountain terrain. They are found in twelve countries including China, Russia and Mongolia. Diet Snow leopards can kill prey up to three times their body weight. This is an incredible feat to pull off as they manage this on their ow...
Post a Comment
Read more

Animals 36-40 in our '50 incredible animals' series

By
Hi, As you probably noticed, we took a break from this series, mostly due to having just too much to do. But we're back now with the last three posts. 36. The Pinocchio frog The Pinocchio frog can be found in the Foja Mountains in Indonesia. They mainly eat insects, although little is known about them. They are named because the males have a spike on their noses. They were only discovered in 2008, and this was completely by accident! It remained unnamed scientifically until over ten years later when it was given the name " Litoria pinocchio " . There is very little information about them but Wikipedia states that "the male Pinocchio frog inflates its nose when calling, and the nose decreases in size when the frog is calm and quiet," which I think is hilarious and so interesting! 37. Snub-nosed monkey Especially noticeable due to their curious looks, the snub-nosed monkeys can be found in the forests of central China and northern...
Post a Comment
Read more

18.10.20 Animal Of The Week: Sloth

By
Hello, Sorry this didn't come out on Sunday as planned but this week's animal of the week is the sloth because the twentieth of October is Sloth Day.  Habitat The sloth resides in Central and South America. It lives in the rainforests there and occasionally drops into the water for a bathe as, believe it or not, they are actually excellent swimmers! Diet Sloths eat leaves, twigs and buds which they find in the rainforest. As they don't have incisors they smack their lips together to make leaves more digestible. Sloths can survive on relatively little food as it takes a while for them to digest it. Sleep and Speed When you think of a sloth, you probably think of this slow, sleepy creature. They actually sleep for about 15 hours a day! Sloths have an extremely low metabolic rate (what basic calories your body needs to survive), which means they move at a slow pace through the trees. On average, sloths travel 40 yards per day ...
Post a Comment
Read more

How much do you know about climate change? - Quiz

By
Hi Everyone and welcome back to Green World! For this week's quiz, we thought we would do one on climate change. By this point, climate change is a well known issue, however, we wanted to share some of the specific statistics, some of which are still really surprising. We hope that this is an informative post for you, and it inspires you to take a small action to reducing your own carbon footprint. Questions Roughly how much CO2 is in the atmosphere? (May 2023) a) 380 parts per million b) 400 parts per million c) 420 parts per million True or False? The last time CO2 levels were as high as they are today was 4.5 million years ago. Which summer month in 2021 had the highest temperature since records started almost 150 years ago? a) June b) July c) August True or False? Antarctica loses the same weight as Mount Everest in ice each year. How many p...
Post a Comment
Read more

LGBTQ+ animals | Pride month special 2022

By
Hi, As you probably know, it's pride month! Here on Green World we fully support the LGBTQ+ community. Many homophobes and transphobes will tell you that being LGBTQ+ isn't natural. But what they don't know is that over 1 500 different animal species are indeed part of this community! So, today we are going to being covering just a few of these animals. Note: We do not tolerate LGBTQ-phobic comments. All hate comments will be deleted. Sexual Orientation Within the LGBTQ+ community, there are many sexual orientations and most of them can also be found in animals! Here are just a few examples: Rams You probably didn't know, but up to 8% of rams are homosexual. This is quite a lot considering that only 1.7% of US adults identify as homosexual. Laysan albatross 31% of all pairs were lesbian in one study. That is a lot. Bottlenose dolphins One gay pair had a 17 year long relationship. This goes to show that same sex pai...
Post a Comment
Read more

Ways to help make your household environmentally friendly

By
We have told you a bit about the problems that the environment is facing in previous posts but we haven’t told you how to help the environment around the house. You don’t even need a garden to make a difference! Ways to help stop global warming Tip 1: Turn the lights off when you leave a room. Tip 2: Walk or cycle on short journeys. Tip 3:  Don’t have the windows open and the heaters on at the same time. Tip 4: Never leave your engine running Tip 5: If you can, buy an electric car as these produce less Co2.   Ways to help stop plastic pollution  Tip 1: Buy a water bottle. It seems simple but every year the UK uses an estimated 13 billion plastic bottles. Tip 2: Use a bar of soap and a bar of shampoo instead of shower gel and bottled shampoo. Some say soap can dry your skin out but if you do your research you can find plastic-free high-quality soap, perhaps at a price but it depends on where you get it from. Tip 3: Make...
1 comment
Read more

Animals 21-25 in our '50 incredible animals' series

By
Hi Everyone! Here are the next five animals in our current series! We hope you learn something from this. 21. Stick insect Stick insects are masters of disguise. They look like twigs or leaves. This strange appearance makes them hard to spot when stationary. Stick insects are herbivores, feeding on leaves, and can live for up to three years. Their habitat includes most tropical and subtropical regions, but there are a few species that live in temperate areas as well. There are roughly 3 000 different stick insect species! Not much more is known about them, because they are difficult to find. The two main threats to their populations are the pet trade and people killing them so as to frame their carcasses, like butterflies. Their conservation status  ranges from critically endangered to least concern  - so basically every category that is on the list! 22. Glass frog The glass frog is, well, see through. You can literally ...
Post a Comment
Read more